Ireneusz Socha

Dębica

Ireneusz Socha - Leader of Dialogue in Dębica

Izrael Goldberg (Dębica, 1990)

Izrael Goldberg (1909-1991). Last Jew from Dębica. Son of Mendel and Chava nee Wulweg. He survived the war by hiding with his mother and brother in the forests around Dębica. After the war he did not emigrate to the US with his family, but stayed in Dębica. Between 1952 and 1981 he was employed by the local chapter of Enterprise for Forest Processing “Las” from Rzeszów as quality control inspector and then until 1990 he worked in a similar position controlling the quality of game meat at the Canned Goods Production Department of CZSS “Społem” Processing Plant in Dębica. I first met him at Dębica’s Jewish cemetery in 1980. As time went on, I gained his trust. We worked together to notify authorities about the condition of the cemetery and the need for its maintenance and enclosure with a fence. In the final years of his life, I would visit Mr.Goldberg in his one-room apartment at Strażacka Street. I would bring him records with Jewish music and he would tell me about Dębica’s prewar Jewish life. Too bad I never took his photograph. Luckily, I recorded the sound of his voice.

Abraham Ladner (Tarnów, 1992)

Abraham Ladner (1905-1993). He was the last observant Jew in Tarnów. He hailed from Otfinów and was a cattle trader. In September 1939 he was conscripted into Polish army. Captured by the Soviets, he was then deported to Siberia and came back to Tarnów with gen.Zygmunt Berling’s First Polish Army. No one from his family survived the war. In 1950s he remarried and became a glazier. He lived at 1 Goldhammera Street in Tarnów. After his Jewish friends left Poland in the 1960s, he became the caretaker of their shtibel, or a private little synagogue located in the apartment where he lived. Mr.Izrael Goldberg first told me about him. I met Mr.Ladner a few times between 1991 and 1992, registering his stories. Andrzej Kramarz took some photos of us. I used the recordings in 2014 for the purposes of musical compositions to accompany the exhibition “Once We Were” (Byliśmy) whose description follows below.